Temporal logic provides a formal language with which one can express time-dependent behaviours, facilitating rigorous reasoning about the sequential evolution of system states. This branch of ...

In part one of this series, we looked at the PLC’s internal architecture, briefly discussed Ladder Logic programming, Human-Machine Interfaces, advantages of the PLC’s ability to react consistently ...

Formal methods offer a mathematically rigorous framework for the specification, development and verification of programming languages and software systems. By leveraging techniques such as theorem ...