Mathematical Background: We expect that the student is comfortable with basic mathematics at the level of a U.S. first-year college STEM student. This includes basic notions such as sets and functions ...

The statistical physics of graphs and partition functions represents a vibrant intersection of graph theory, statistical mechanics and computational complexity. By summing over an ensemble of ...

A translation is a movement of the graph either horizontally parallel to the \(x\)-axis or vertically parallel to the \(y\)-axis. The graph of \(f(x) = x^2\) is the same as the graph of \(y = x^2\).